The Mexican dwarf crayfish (Cambarellus patzcuarensis), especially its popular orange variation often referred to as CPO (from Crayfish Patzcuarensis Orange), is one of the most sought-after invertebrates in the world of nano-aquariology. Thanks to their vibrant coloration, moderate size, and relatively peaceful nature, these crayfish have become ideal inhabitants for small freshwater biotopes. Successful CPO keeping requires knowledge of the specific conditions that need to be created for these small decapods to fully display their beauty and activity.